Machine tool



Septl 30, 1952 E. GYGAx 2,612,081 I MACHINE TQoL Filed Aug. 17, 1945 5 Sheets-Sheet l Sept. 30, 1952 E. GYGAx j 2,612,081 A MACHINE TOOL. Y

Filed Aug. 17, 1945 ssheets-sheet 2 I T5 4 4,1 v /49 wif Sent. 30, 1952 E. GYGAX 2,612,081

' MACHINE TooL Filed Aug. 17. 1945 5 sheets-sheet 4 INVENTORI ERA/55T @/Glx,

A TTORNEY6.

E. GYGAx MACHINE TooL.

Sept. 3o, 1952 5 sheets-sheet 5 Filed Aug. 1945 Patented sept. so, 1952 UNITED STATES PATENT" OFFICE Ernest Gygax, vSt. I`. ouis, Mo., assigner to Gemco t Shaper Company, a corporation of Missouri Application August 17, 1945, serial ivo-.611,113

This invention relates to machine tools, and more particularly to improvedmeanssfor.electrically controlling the feed mechanism `ofsuch 'toolsas require -the work feed mechanism to .be operated intermittently.

An object of the invention is .to provide in machine toolsfof the class mentioned, improved electrically controlled mechanism, `Whereby.;the worktable ofthe machine may be operated to selected extents .of movement, and at'predetermined rate of feed.. n

Another object is to interlock the control mechanism to prevent interference with the selected operation, therebyavoiding interference with the normal operation of the `parts during the selectedmovement of the Awork feed.

1 .Another object ofthe invention is to provide forgpower: actuation of the work` tableF for. setting it in selected positions either horizontally or vertically, as well as in other straight j line positions. o l

Another object, as a special application of the invention, is to control the operation of a Shaper, having a reciprocating ram, whereby the feeding operation occurs during the return stroke of the ram.

The invention generally comprises a workfeed mechanism including a Work supporting. table mounted for horizontal, and vertical movement;

actuating mechanism tov effect the vmovement of said table selectively; interlocking controls -for the movements of the Work table to prevent interference with a selected .-movementr once it is initiated; anda-means for selectively predeterminng the timing and-extent of movement selooted. Y f l 5 Additional advantages of the invention will be apparent from-the following detailed description with which the'pre'sent invention is ycooperatively associated; f. 5 I

Fig. .3 is an enlarged side elevation of a -portion ofthe Shaper and the work supporting table: f .i f "ifi Fig. 4 is avertical sectional view onvthe` line l4 1! of Fig. V3, illustrating thegearing for effecting verticall and: horizontal! movements vof the work supporting: taloleyt` 2'2 claims. (o1. 90448) *l Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional viewon the line 5-5 .of Fig.\4, showing other elements and features controlling Vertical and horizontal move- 'ments ofthe worksupporting table;

L Fig. 6l is an enlarged vertical sectional view on the line 6-6 at the lmiddle of Fig. 1;

Fig. '7 is an enlarged-horizontal` sectional view `onthe line l-.Tfat the lower middle ofv Fig. 1;

Fig. 8 is'an enlarged vertical sectional view on the line 8-8 of Fig. 1;..

Fig. 9 is a verticalsectiona viewonthe Yline 0 9 ofFigS;` .w

Fig..10 isa; vertical section on the line IIL-lll of Fig, 5;.r

Fig.. 11.is .a fragmentary View similar to Fig. .10, showingthexsettable .device in a position Whichthe cam,.that `operatesthe intermittent work table feed-switch, is adjustedfora predetermined feeding operation;

Fig. 12 is aview similar to Fig. -11 illustrating the'cam actuated switch, in a position at the end of the feedoperation; and

Fig. 13 is a Wiringdiagram4 of the `eieciarmaiiy.

.controlled circuit.

1n the embodiment of the invention selected forv illustrations, the structure is shown as .embodied in vand associated with a metalshaper, although itwill he understood that it has other application.; f.' X

Machine elementsi of Asupport and 'operat- Y y 'Y mchanismotherefov The Shaper tool, as illustrated. includes a-base or'frame l, frequently. referred to as the column,`

and a 'work-supporting table 2 lmounted for vertical and horizontalr movements. The table2 is mounted 'on a frame 3,`conventionall'y called the .crossraiL` valong which .it has horizontal Ymove- -mentfin vlooth directions- The frame 3 is supported-on the front vof the main frame I vof the machine..1The. frame 3 may beraised Aand lowered .in' la vvertical iplane. The frame 3 engages the front cnd'of. theshaper frame `I vandsis guided and-held from displacement during its"vertical 'i rotative vin --respect 'of Vthe frame.

movements therebyl A screw threaded' shaft is supported inrthe shaperframe l. (Figs. '5 and sleeve 5 is connected with the frame 5, the frame 3 will be raised and lowered in response to the rotation of the sleeve 5.

The operating mechanism for moving the Work-supporting table 2 for positioning the work for selected machine operations, includes a rotary horizontal shaft 3 supported in the vertically moving frame 3. A worm 9 on vtheshaft 8 meshes with a worm gear IB attached to the sleeve 5 (Fig. 6) whereby, when the shaft 8 is rotated, the gear I and the sleeve 5 will also be rotated to raise and lower the frame 3 and the table 2.

The frame 3 also supports a rotary horizontall shaft II spaced from and above the shaft 8. One end of the shaft I I is screw threaded at I2,

and is screwed through a threaded hole in a tor I4 (Fig. 5), attached to and supported by l the frame 3, constitutes the power means for rotating the shaft 8, whereby the table 2 is moved vertically in either direction land also to rotate the shaft II for moving the .table 2 in its-horizontal paths of movement.

The motor is vof the lreversible type and may be controlled to rotate a motor shaft I5 either clockwise :or counterclockwise, as predetermined by the operator. Provision is, therefore, mad-e for driving the shafts 8 andII selectively in, either direction, whereby selected horizontal and vertical movements of the work-supporting table in either direction may be effected. The motor shaft I5 extends 'forwardly and is supported at its extremity in an anti-friction lbearing I6 mounted inland supported by the frame 3 (Fig. 5).

It will be understood that, when the motor I4 is energized, the motor shaftI5 is constantly rotated in the selected and predetermined Adirection of the rotation, and, to effect selected drive of the shafts 8 and I I, it is operatively connected therewith by gear connections vwhich include a 'Worm gear I'I rotatably mounted onthe shaft 8 selective mechanism for rotating either the shaftg (Figs. 4, 7) or the shaft I Ils-provided.

, A clutch member 28 is carried on the shaft 8 and has horizont-al sliding movement -in respect thereto, whereby it may be moved 'into and out of clutching engagement with the worm gear I'I. With the clutch member .2U in clutching engagement with the worm gear I 1, the shaft 8 will be thereby rotated .in la direction of rotation predetermined by the selected direction of rotation Aof themot-or shaft I5. Since the worm gear 9 is in mesh with the gear I0 on `the sleeve 5, upon rotation of the shaft 8 the sleeve 5 will be rov tained, androtationof said sleeve about'and relay tive to the shaft 4 causes vertical movement `of theyflrame 3 in the predetermined direction, thereby optionally raising or lowering :the frame Zijand the work-supporting table2.

gA second clutch member 2I is carried on the shaftI I, and has horizontal sliding movement in respect thereto, whereby said clutch vmember may be moved into and out of clutching engagement with the worm I8. The Ashaft II thus may be rotated in either direction when the clutch member 2I is in clutching engagement with the Worm gear I8 and the frame 3, and the table 2 supported thereby may be moved horizontally in either direction along the frame 3.

The clutch member 2) may be shifted by the rocking shifter member 22 (Figs. 8, 9) having eccentric engagement 23 therewith.l -A .hand lever 24 is `attached to said shifter element 22 for roeking the same, whereby the clutch member 20 is shifted into and out of clutching engagement with the worm I1.

Similarly, the clutch member 2l may be actuated into and out of clutching engagement by a rocking shifter member 25, which has an ec centric connection 26 with said clutch member 2I. A hand lever 2l .is `connected with the rocking shifter element 25 whereby it is operated to position the clutch member.

The hand levers 24 and 2l and the rocking shifting members 22 and 25 are mounted in and supported by the frame 3 adjacent to the clutch devices in a position convenient to the operator so that the movement of the work-,supporting table 2 may be readily controlled.

In ord-er to prevent, simultaneous engagement of the clutch members 20 and 2I with thefworm gears I'I 'and I8,frespectively, and to thereby preventinitiating movement of the table 2 in one direction when movement in the other direction has beg-un, an interlocking device is provided. The illustrated structure for attaining this result includes complementary cams 28 and 29 formed in the cylindrical walls of the rocking shifter elements 22 .and 25; A sliding plate 3U, that con;- stitutes a detent or lock, is mounted betweenthe the members 22 and 25 and is slidable vertically in a groove formed in the frame 3 betweenthe said `shif ter elements.

As will be observed from the embodiment (Fig. 9), las a result of the complementary formation of the cams 28 and 29, the rocking shifter elements are interlocked in such .a manner that, when either is Lmoved to shift the respective clutch member 20 or 2| to clutching engagement, the other is locked against movement. However, both of the shifter yelements 22 and 25 may-be operated to shift and hold the respective clutchmembers 20 and 2I out of clutching engagement at the same time. Effective provision is, therefore, made to prevent the table 2 from being moved both vertically andhorizontally at the same time, beca-use, when one clutch member is being moved into engagement, the operation of the other clutch member to -clutching engagement is prevented by this interlocked relationship of the shifter elements.

Machine elements of reciprocating tool carrier and opemtihg mechanism therefor vIn the type of shaper tool illustrated, a reciprocating yram 'I .is mounted in the head of the machine and is operatively associated with a drive mechanism therefor, whereby the ram is reciprocated horizontallyabove the plane of the table 2. This ram .is equipped 'at its forward end with a'tool support in whichselec'ted tools, required for shaping the Work pieces supported by the 'table 2, are mounted. The mechanism for reciprocating the ram maybe such `as that disclosed in the Patent No. 2,295,130, issued" Sleptember 8, 1942, to John H.Schreiber et al.

The mechanism for reciprocating the ram or tool carrier '.'I is not per sea part of the .present invention, but, inasmuchas the controls of the ing stroke, and the return or idle stroke withnla* predetermined time interval.- The'mechanial means for reciprocatingtheram is fp'owe'redi-r Vactuated usually by anele'ctricalmotor, tite-ieri# andlocal switch devices. y f l erg'ization ofwhich is controlled by standard line The power shaft to the motor `ismecha'r-ii'cally @n nnected tothe ram soi-that theiength' ofthe working Vstroke may befdet'e'rmind '-Thel time interval of the f complete `vreciproc'zs'i'tig cycle #of thelram is so adjustedthatthe working strokeof theramis at a less rate' of speed than jthfef're-f turnstroke'. Thus, the operationof the ramV can fbe adjusted for various -machining opera-tions.

'Electricaloperatinccontrol j i In order to insure the accuracy of operation 'of the tool, a" complete' 'electrij system is provided, which includesl't ing` primary controls.

Ihe' straight line intermittent hnrizcntal feed movement of, the `work table,l after the angle movement has been predetermined bythe selec` tivefgmhanifcal devices Vheretofore `described;'j'is positively controlled insuch' a manner thatthe table'may'jonly be mcvedjiduring selected inter'- vals in the return or idlestroke of the recipro eating tool carrier:

`control determiningjjhe extent o fstr'aight line:- horizontal movementfas well as the rate "of Inox/ ementV of said table, isp'rovided'v in order to adapt the table movement to diierent'machining.

operaticns- That 'is ,to say." the rate 0f (movementof the'table is coordinated with the extent of "movement, wherebythe spee'adlA :of`v movement of fthe vtable is increased'where' the particular machiningoperationrequires a greater distance of m'ovement, and the speed is reduced where the distance of movement in the particular machin# ing'cp'eration is less.

* 1-Additi'ona1 controls' are-provided fqrfsetiig upv the-' work." including provision Afor 'rapid power mgvement of rthe work table -in different 'angle andfstraight line adjustments.

i-irn' addition te'y the primary controls, l'certain line. and" local controls for the "electrical, system of'operation.

One of the primary purposes of 'th'e''present invention iis to controlv thehorizontal feeding` movement "of the work table so that' the movementthereof may becoordinated with themovement foftheram, and to limit the positioning movement of the worktable bothhorizontally and vertically' during the vinterval 'of the return or [idle stroke of the ram to insure that the work piece will be rigidly set when Vthe tool is moved in.

a'jj'horizontal plane therewith to 'perform the "cuttingstroke inthe operation of vthe tool.

yThe control forthis purpose includes v a shaft 3 I- (Figs.- 233) whicli'is geared to thes:c`l1.i.1\cel of powerf'oroperatingv the-ram 1 in suchfamanne'r that said shaft makes one complete' rotation during onecomplete reciprocation of the ram. Azcam disc is, carried fby 'andA rotates withthe shaft3 I.,A This cam disc has alow segmentalr face `32 and a highsegmentalface .33.' The lengthk :of

ay be'provided to insure convenience andsafety In a metalshaper tool the the `motor I4,A the power sourcefor the work` table, is-under, the controlof this cam, and, since as above stated, the time interval of `movement of the vramduring its'working strokeislonger thanathetime interval during the. returnl stroke, the-.shorter high face 33 of the cam, which controls the energization of the motor I4, necessarily has -alesserfinterval in the rotation. of. the cam, than the period in `which the motorxI4z'is .dee energized during the period of .traveli'sof the 110W face 32 ofthe cam. n

The cam'`32-#33 is in operative relationship with af :switch 34 vwhich is in the main power circuit tof the motor I4, Which-switch 34 iis open during: the period` 'cfZ travel of `the 'lowface 32 .of the cam, and is closed when thehghvface 3-3.V of saidg camcontactsv with ythe*operating contact member of said switch. Theswitch' '34,1v therefore; is in eifect a sequence-*switchl openigand closing the electrical circuit-'for operation'of the motor I4'in response to the rotation of the cam limiting the energization of the'motor- I4 'to the' period of time that the high face33foflthe `cam is in operative contact-with theY switch 34. Any movement of the work table is, therefore,vv limited to'that period of operation during the return or idle'stroke'ofthe ram.V y

` normal movement of the work table'is intermittent and in a'horizontal path, it'being understood thatthestraight line movement is'in both directions.y Thisfm'oveme'nt cf th'ework table is controlled in extent to adapt it to different machini ngoperations, and 'the rate of 4 movement is controlled-dependent uponithe extent.-v 3] j] The extent o f movement 'of the work tableis controlled by a pair of complementary cam operated feed s witche'sj,'one of which is operative when thev shaftbfithe motor I4 kis operated clockwise, and the'other'when operated counterclofckwise', whereby the work table'is moved either to the right'orleft (Fig. l). This control includes a switch actuating cam element`35mounted on a stud shaft 36 (Figs. 5', 10T- 12) The camelement 35 is operatively connected iitlifiaf pinion 31 mounted for'rocking movement'ongtheshaft 36, and the cam element and the pinion 3l are connectedby a coil spring 3&1` 'mounted'on the hubof the pinion Bland hav'. irijgjohe end 'engagedwith the pin 40 attached to -said pinion, andthe 'other end engaged with the pint! attached Ato the cam' el ement 35'. The spring 39v constitutes a 'resilient connection ibe- 'tween the pinion 3l and the cam element 35, whereby, when the pinion 31 is rocked, 'it will tend' to" rotate the cam element 35. The said Aspring also 'serves to return the parts to initial setting` henthe magnetic clutch, later to be 'def f scribed, isdeenergized.

The cam element 35 includes complementaryl operative association with a switch member 42 in 7 initial setting, both switches 42 and '43 are open (Fig. 10). Said `camA member `35 is rotated, either clockwise or counterclockwise dependent upon the predetermined :rotation of the power shaft vof the motor I4. The length of -the, feed of the 'work table 2 'is dependent upon the `interval that the switchf4?. or 43 `is 'closed, and this interval, vin turn, is related to the movement of -the work table 2. In. Fig. 1l. the cam isfillustrated 4as adjusted to nclose the switch 43. leaving a segment of the high face in a position `to contact the switch, and maintain` it closed during a .partial rotation ,of the cam member 35. l

Unless the cam element is -restrained by a magnetic clutch, later to be described, i-t is free to rotate on the shaft 36 which condition 'obtains while the switch 34` .is open. `This -permits an initialY setting of the cam, thereby controlling theextent of feed of the work table. 4

The device for setting the cam member 35 for the4 predetermined movement of the work table includes a pinion 44 that meshes with the pinion 31. The pinionv44 is carried by a spindle 45 supported for rocking movement in the frame 3 A.of the machine above and adjacent vto the motor I4. A finger piece or handle 46 is attached to the outer end of the spindle 45, which handle by coordination with a dial 41 (Fig. 3)` indicates the proper setting, and provides manual means yfor the preliminary adjustment of the 'work support feed.

The operation that responds to the manual setting of the handle 46 is the length of the intermittent feed of the work table in a horizontal path, and also the rate of feed, because the e'ite'nt and direction that the spindle 36 is rocked, in addition to setting the cam member 35, also coordinately sets a potentiometer P in the circuit of the motor I4, thereby controlling the speed of the motor to synchronize the speed of movement of the table with the extent of movement of the work. support. It will be understood that the speed of movement is increased asthe distance of movement is increased and 'reduced as the extent of feed is reduced. n y

The effect of the operation 'of the 'switches 4Z and 43 is that, by manuallysetting the device just described, the cam member 35 is brought to an initial adjustment when one or the other of the switches 42 and. 43 is closed by contacting the respective high face of the cam at a predetermined point thereon, so that the respective switch will remain closed, until the cam has traveled av sulficient distance for the switch element to ride off of the high face and onto the low segmentalface, opening the switch.

Fig. 11 illustrates the manual` settable device adjusted to set the cam member 35 so that the high face of the left hand segment ofthe cam member 35 closes the switch 43 and the cam is required to travel an arcuate distance before the switch is opened by the contact member thereof ridingr off of the high face to the low segment of the Cam.

Assuming that the switch 34 (Fig. 3) has been closed, which is the adjustment of that switch that obtains upon the return stroke of the ram as has already been explained, the circuit-*to the motor I4 will be closed, and will remain closed so long as either of the respective switches 42 and i3 contact a high face of the cam element 35 and,

therefore, the motor I4 will be energized, and will rotate in a direction predetermined by the control device for that purpose.

The device that coordinates the movement of the cam member 35 with the movement of the thereof.

work table, 4comprises aA magnetic clutch (-Figs. 4, 5) A"that serves to couple the cam member 35 with the member 48 which, in turn, as will be explained, is geared to theshaft II, which operates the cross or horizontal feed'of the YWork table. v

The-member '48 has geared teeth 49 at oneend, and a 'magnetic coil 50 set in the opposite end The member 48 is xedon the stud shaft'SG so that, -whenthe cam member 35 is in clutching engagement therewith, the two members will rotate together and to the extent of rotation imparted to the member 48. The magnetic coilf50-isenergized during the period that the switch 34 is closed and,A when energized, the coil `5Il draws an armature, inthe form of a metallic disc 5I ,-intoclutching engagementrwith the` end face of the member 48, whereby'v-said 'disc Willbe` rotated with `said member 48 `until the switch 34 is again opened. It will be understood that .the disc 5I is slidable on theshaft`36 and is connected with the hub of the cam member-'35 by a resilient disc 52, so that it may move-on said shaftinto contact with Y, the magnetic coil when that coil is energized, and

will'bemoved out of contact therewith when Vthe c'oil is deenergized.

Since the switches ll2 and 43 are in 'thefcircuit to the moto-r I4, the motor-will stop'imme diat'ely upon the opening'of the respective switch 42 or 43, stopping the movement of the table and thereby, obviously, any further movement ofthe cam 35. TheV cam 35,'hotvever, remains` coupled to the'me'mber 48 untilthe'coil 50 is deenergized. After the initial 'settingof thecampas illus'- trated in Fig. 11, the further rotation ofthe cam by the feeding vmovementlof the'tablef to which tl'ie'niemberv 48'is geared is relative to'thefpinion '31, that is to say; the'pinion remains stationary while the cam -continues ,its rotation. Therefore, this movement by means of the spring connection between the member 35i-andthe pinion 3l tensionsthe spring 39 suiciently soth'at when the magnetic clutch is released," the cam 35 will bereturnecl toits 'initial setting (Fig.v 11) Thehieansfor'rotatng'the clutch member'48 in coo'rdinat'io'n'with thecross or horizontal feed of the'work table comprises agear' 53,'(Figf`4) `on the hub of the clutch member 2'I. Vlhen the clutch member isshifted to couple vthe'sha'ft II with the shaft I9, the gear 53 ismoved into" meshing engagement with'thegear 48 on the member 49, so that the extent'of rotation. of the member `=48"vvill respond to the extent of rotation' of the shaft Il,fan`d thereby" to the extent 'of movement of thework' table, through the'mechanis'm heretofore described. i s 1 j imputer words; 'et-given numberof rotations of the shaft l'I i' is translated by thegearin'gfdescribed into a predetermined arcuate or angular movement of tl1e" ':`arn'` member 35v'so that,v when the shaft I I' has'inade a'given number of rotations' resulting 'in a given length of feed'of the work 'table V2, the arcuate high carnl'fac'zes4 controlling the respective switch '42 i or 43 'will have completed itsl travel.' and the switch controlling the circuit to the motor opens, thereby'metering the feed movement of the work table. ,l By reference to the diagram illustrated inl Fig. 13,; the coordinated controlswill be more clearly understood.

The controlcircuit-illustrated inv this diagram Y isemployed-toi control the operation' of the direct current, variabler speed,- reversi-ble motor I4,I `and therebyv the'f'direotion and timing of'fthewo'rk electronic discharge; device 1|.

table cross feed, and also the positioning movement `of the work table, .-ashas been explained.

The eld winding '55 of the motor I4 isl continuously energized while the rotor winding 56 i-s intermittently energized with varying current to operate the motor at variable speeds.

The control circuit may be. thought of as comprising two branches, one of which supplies current to the field winding '55 and the other of which supplies current to the rotor winding 56. The control circuit is supplied energy from a suitable A. C. source 51 which is connected across a primary winding 53 of a transformer .59 serving 'both branches of the control'circuit. A secon'dary winding 60 of the transformer 59 is center tapped to provide an electrical axis for the 'full wave rectiers which supply current to both the field and the rotor windings of the motor I4. The-'end-terminals of the secondary winding 60 areconnected to the conductors and 62, lwhich are, in turn, connected to 'the plate y'electrodes -63 'and 64 of the electro-nic discharge devices 65 and66, respectively.: The conductors 6| and 62 are` tapped by 'a pair of lines61 and 68, respectively, wl'nich feed thezplates 69 and 10v of an This discharge device, in the illustrated embodiment, takes the form ofV a double-diode and acts as a full wave rectier to supply current to the eldwinding 55 of the motor I4. The cathodes 12 and 13 of device'I Iare connected to a common lead 14 which feeds the held winding 55, the latter element :being connected through a line 15 to a lead 16 Vconnecting a center tap 11 of the secondary wind- `ing60 at a point 18. This latter connection completes the circuit, forming the branch provided to supply current toV the' eld winding I55.

InV like manner, current is supplied tothe rotor winding V56 ofthe motor I4 by means of a full .wave rectifier comprising in part the electronic discharge devices v 65' and 4|56. ments inA the illustrated-embodiment take'the form of gas filled triodes which have their respective cathode electrodes 19 and 80 tied together-by means ofA a-.common leadl which in turn is connected to the potentiometerP at "point 84by the conductor 85. Each of the grids 82 and 83 is supplied a control voltage through the lines 86,-81 and 68 as fed by a line 89 connected thereto at |50.l

Thefull wave rectier'which feeds the rotor winding of the motor I4 performs an additional function of a switching circuit and a variable current supply circuit. When the tubes 65 andl 66 are-rendered conductingbyt-he control voltage impressedon the grids 62 and 83, the rectifier is operative to pass current to the motor I4 and cause-its operation. Conversely, when the tubes arenonconducting, 4the motor is stopped. Further, the amount or" current passed by the devices 65 and 66 is dependent upon` the potential of the control voltage supplied to these elements. This expedient provides 'a means for not only controlling the start-stop operation of the motor, but-also its speed.

In addition to the control of the motor just described, provision is also made for reversing the direction of rotation. of the motor. This opera- The latter elel ing 56, the line 91, the line 96v back to a point` |01 thereon, thence through a line |08, contacts |09 and ||0 of the switch 9| (when closed), back to the point 18 on the center tapped terminal 16.

The switches 90 and 9| are solenoid operated and, with the connections shown, the' switch 90 isillustrated as being closed and the' switch 9| is opened. vFor Atheoperationof the switch 90, a solenoidhaving a winding I I and an armature ||2 is provided. Similarly, forv the switch 9|, a winding I|3 .and an armature ||4 are likewise provided. n

Energization of the windings of the solenoid switches 90 and 9| `isico`ntrolledby the manually operable reversing yswitchesI I5 and ||6, both f which are similarly connected to provide double controls for the reversing operation.l The Windings and I|3 are connected at the points I|1 and I I8 to a conductor ||9 Vsupplying current direct from. the source 51. Theopposite'ends of reach of the windings are connected tofariother The respective circuits foreach of the windings 'are traceableas follows: For'the switch 90, from the lpoint I I1 through theiwinding III a conductor 2|, a line V|22,the closedcontacts |23 and |24 of thswitch' II5, line 125, through to the conductor |201at a connection |26; or from the conductor .|2I., through the closed contacts |45 and |30 of' the' switch Iland'a 1ine'I46 through to the conductor I`20'at`af'connection |41.` For the switch 9|,v the circuit is traceable from a point I I8, 'through the winding I I3, aline |21, to either the open contact|f28`of the switch I|6 or the open contact |29 of the switch II'5. With the switches I I5 and I6' positioned to' form the circuitsr just described, the winding II'I is energized, vthe winding II3 is deenergized, the switch Y90 is closed, and the 'switch |31 is open to cause th'rotation of themotor I4 in one direction. 1 n 1 A f When the switches II5 and I'I6 are closedto theirsecond position, that is, when the contact |24 of the switch II5 is closed to its contact |29 and the contact |30` ofthe switch-,I I6 is closed to its contact |28, then the' circuits are traceable a's followsr For the switch' 99,-from`the point vI |1throug'h the winding III, the -lines -I2 and |22 rtothe now open contact '|23' offthe switch |I5; or to the lines I2I and |48, to the now open'contact'lll of the switch I|6.` And for the switch 9|, from'the point IIB', through-the winding II3,`the line |21, thecont'a'cts AI-29`andv |24 of the switch II5, the line |25, to the contact point |26; or from the line |21, through the contacts |28 and |30 ofy the switchIII, a line |46,`v to a tion is effected bythe solenoid operated switches 90. and 9|. 4 ln order to energize the rotor winding of the motor to operate in one direction, a circuit may be traced from the point 92 through the line 93 the closed contacts 94 and 95 of the switch 90,- a line 96, a line 91, through the rotor winding 56, a line' 9S, the contacts 99 and |00 of contact point |41 von the conductor |20. 'Thus,'

the coil `II3 is energized,'switch9 I is c1osed, the coil I I is deenergized, and the switch isopened to reverso the direction fof rotation off the motor I4. i v f `For controlling the operation ofjthe full wave rectieig-supplying currentto the rotor winding of the motor, a control voltage circuit isprovided which, as illustrated, comprises a. direct current source |3I, the potentiometer P, a vline |32, either of the switches 42 or 43 'and the switch Y ll 34, and the line 8S. The contacts |33 Vand |34 of the switch 42 or 43 and the contacts .|351and |36 of the switch 34 are operable to open or close the control voltage circuit in a manner which will be described in connection with the circuits operation. l

Through the contacts |37 and |33 of the switch 34', winding 5|) of the electro-magnetic clutch is energized Withalternating current directly from the source 57 through the conductors H9 and |23. i

Further, the control voltage circuit is provided with a pair of manually operated shunting switches |39 and |49. Each of these switches is closeable to its respective contacts "itl, |42, |43 and |44 to shunt the control voltage around the switches 42, 43 and 34. These switches are manually operable to position the table as moved by the motor |4 to any desired position, for the setting up of the work table as hereinbefore described.

In operation, and during the returnA stroke of the ram the switch 34 is'closed to its contacts |35 and |36, and to its contacts |3'l and |33 by the mechanism heretofore` described. The closing of the latter contacts energizes the 'winding 50 of the magnetic clutch (Fig. 5). This, in turn, connects the feed metering gear, and the feed switch cams to operate as aunit'in the manner already fully explained. Thereafter, either the feed switch 42 or 43 is closed to the common contacts |33 and |34, which, through the switch 34, passes current from the control voltage source I 3|- to the grid velectrodes 82 and 83, respectively, ofthe full wave rectifier supplying current to the rotor winding of the motor I4. The voltage thus impressed upon theI control grids of these devices renders them conducting, and the rotor of the motor is energized to start the motor since the' field winding thereof is receiving continuously rectilied current through the' full wave rectifier, 7|.-- Th'e-motor is thus operated until the control voltage circuit isopened at either the switch 42, 43 or 34.

The amount ofpoten'tial of the control voltage which is fed to the control grids 32 and 83 is determined by the setting of the potentiometer P by adjustment manually of the handle 46 of the settable device above described. This device is positioned to increase the speed of the motor I4 for long feeds and to decrease lthe-same for short feeds to lengthen the feed cycleover as long a time as possible on the rams return stroke, as has been explained.

When the operator desires to control the movement of the table manually, the automatic control switches 42, 43 and 34 are shunted from the circuit by means of the shunt switches |39 and When it is desired to reverse thedirection of therotation of the motor I4, 'the switches l5 and H3, which are interconnected, are operated as previously described.

It should be pointed outhere that the manually operable reversing switches IIE and IIG and the manually operable shunting switches |39 and |40 areconveniently located on a control panel, as illustrated in Fig. 3. Control of the potentiometer P, which determines the speed of operation of the motor I4, is also eected from this panel by means of the operating handle 46. As will be noted from the circuit diagram, the switches ||5 and H15 are similarly connected to provide double control for the reversing switches 90 and 9|. Likewise, the shunting switches |39 and '|40 are similarly connected to provide double switching means for shunting out the automatic controls of fthe circuit. VThis arrangement of these switches is provided for the convenience of the tool operator. Although, the switches ||5 and I i6 perform identical functions and the switches |39 and |40 perform'identical functions, their respective operating mechanisms are given diiferent legends on the. control panel. Thus, the shunting switch |39 and the reversing switch ||5 control the horizontal movement of the table, while the switches |49 and H5 control the vertical movement of the table. Thisfacilitates operation ofthe mechanism sincethe operator need only bei concerned with the direction of movement of the table. Thus, if the operating lever 24 is'adjusted to effect vertical movement of the' table, the operator will manipulate only the switches |40 and IIB. Conversely, ifthe operating handle 21 is adjusted for horizontal movementv of the table, the operator will use' only the switches |39 and H5.

As a safety measure, the operating mechanisms |50 andli of the switches H5 and IIB are interconnected so that when one switch is moved-to a particular position the other switch is moved to a corresponding position. The operating mechanisms |49 and |49' of the switches |33 and |43 are not interconnected and either switch willprovide rapid movement of the table providing the operating handle 45 is adjusted to supply a control Voltage which will give full speed to the motor I4. For this operation, the operator so adjusts the handle 46 which controls the potentiometer P to supply the required full speed control voltage and thereafter manipulates either of the switches |39 or |43 to effect rapid movement of the table in either a horizontal or vertical direction, depending upon which of the handles 24 or 2l' is set in the operating position.

From the foregoing it will be seen that complete control of the table is` effected by the circuit previously described. The .circuit is designed to operate With a minimum number of parts; it is entirely automatic or manually operable'depending upon requirements; and it is reliable in all respects.

What I claim and 'desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. In a machine of the kind described, a base, movable means including a, work supporting table member, mounted movably on the base, a

-prime mover motor for moving the movable means, the motor being mounted on the movable means, a tool carrying means movably mounted on the base, means for movably operating'the tool carrying means, and means connected with the means for operating the tool carrying means for controlling energization of the motor, to energize the motor and cause movement of the movable means to displace the table, only during limited yparts of the operaation of the tool carrying means.

` 2. In a machine of the kind described, a base, movable means including a work supporting table member, mounted movably on Vthe base, a prime mover motor for moving the movable means, the motor being mounted on the movable means, a tool carrying means movably mounted on the base, means for movably operating the tool carrying means, and means for controlling energization of the motor coordinately with operation of the tool carrying means, comprising a iiexible energy transmitting device connecting the motor and the means for operating the tool carrying means, and means oper-ably connected 13 With the tool carrying means to limit "transmissionof energy throughVV the flexible v'device to the motor, by the operationof the tool carrying means.

3. In a machine of the kind described, a base, arail member movably mounted on the base for movement in a predetermined' path, a work supporting table member mounted on the rail member for movement therewith and for movement thereon, a motor mountedon one of 'said movable members and connected for' moving the table memberl relatively to the base, tool carrying means movably mounted on the base, means for moving the tool'carrying means on the base in a cycle across the table member and back, and means operably connectedV with the tool carrying means to energize the' motor during only part of the movement of the tool carrying means, to move the table member', and further means to limit the movement of the 'table member by the motor, per cycle of operation ofthe tool carrying means. y

.4. In a machine of the kind described, a base, a rail member movably mounted on'the base for movement in a predetermined path, a work supporting table member mounted on' the rail. member for movement therewith and yfor movement thereon, a motor mounted on one of said movable members and connected for moving the table member relativelyv to the base, tool carrying means movably mounted on the base, means for moving the tool. carrying means on the base in a cycle acrossthe table member and back; 'and means operably connected-With the tool carrying means to energize the motor during only part of the movement of the tool carrying means, to move the table member, and further means to deenergize Vthe Amotor `when Athe table member has moved a. -predetermined distance duringt any one cycle of the .tool carrying means.

5. 'In a machine of the kind described','a base,- movable means including a worksupporting'table member, mounted for movement'on the base, a reversible motor mounted on the movable means for eiecting movement ofthe table member relatively to the base, la tool' carrying means, means operating the tool carrying means in av cycle across the table'member and back, means to pre1 set vthe directionof rotation of the motor, and means :controlled 'coordin'ately'v With the means operating the tool carrying means, to permit energization of the motor in either direction only during part of each cycle of operation ofithe tool carrying means, and means to stop the motor when the table member has been moved by 'it -a predetermined distance.

i 6. In a-.machine of the kind described, a base, movable means including a work supporting table member, mounted for movement on the base,a reversible motor mounted on the movable means for effecting movement of the table member relatively tothe base, a'to'ol carrying means,` means operating the tool carrying means in a cycle acrossthe table member and back, means-topre setvthe direction of rotation of themotor, and means controlled coordinately with the .means operating thetool carrying means, to permit en-l ergization of the motor in either direction only during part of each cycle of operation of the tool carrying means, and additional means control.- ling Yenergization of the motor, comprising switch means settable to deter-mine the direction and distancethe .motor can operate-for each intervalduring which energization thereofl is fperf mitted by the coordinated meansaforesaid;

v 7. `In a Amachine ,ofV the kind described; a base, movable means including'a'work supporting table member, themean's 'being' 4mounted for movement onthebase, a motor-mounted on'the movable meansfor effecting movement of the tabl'emem-` berrelatively to the base, a `tool carrying' means, means .operating 'theitool carrying'means in 'a cycle across the table' member" and back, means permitting energization-'of the'moto'r only during part'of the` cycley 'of' the tool carryingfmeans; means vfor varying lthe'amount of 'movement `of the movableimeans producedby the motorv per'. cycle o'f` 'the' tool f carrying`*means; and means varying the'sp'eed of the motors."` w i i 8, In a machine 'of thekind 'describedifa b'ase; movable means including a Work supportingitable member, the means being mounted for movement on'the base, a motor mounted on the: movable means 4forl eiecting'movernent of theY tables mem: ber `relatively to thebase, a toolv carrying means,

means'oper'ating'tl'reI too'l'carrying meansfinfa cycle across the tabler member and back.. means permitting energization of the motor `only during part of the "cycleof thetool carrying means, means for varying the 'amount of movement of the vmovable means'produced by the motor per cycle'of the tool carrying means, means varying the' speed of the motor; means interconnecting the speed varying means andV movementfvarying means for varying of the former simultaneously with operation of the means varying they amount of movement. r i r L- 9. In* amachine of the kind described, .abase movable means including a work supporting tablev member, the means being' mounted forv movement on the base, a motor' mountedl on the-movable means for effecting movement of' the table'mem# ber relativelyfto'theibase,V a tool carrying'zmeans, means-operating the tool carrying meansina cycle across the table-member and back, means permitting energization of the ymotor onlyduring part of the cycle of fthe toolcarryingl means, and separate means operable to energize the motora'twill. i' .1

10-.i'In a machine of the kind described, aV base, movable means including a Work supporting table member, the means being-mountedv for movement on the base, amotor-mounted on the' movable means for eiecting movement of the tablememE ber relatively to the base, a tool carryingfmeans, means ,operating the tool, carrying means `in a cycle-across the tablemember and back, means permitting energization of the motor only during part of the cycle of the tool carrying means, means for Varying the-amount of movement of the movable Ameans produced by the ,motor per cycle of the toolcarrying mea-ns, means varying the speed of the motor, and means vtojeffect operation of the motor at will at high.speed,fwith' out operation of the tool carrying means.` y

11. In a machine of the kind described, a'base, movable'means including a work supporting table member, the meansibeing mounted for movement .'15 nectedt tor-opent ther switch7 means; after `a `predetermined" number of' rotationsof the motor.

12. Inia machine ofthe kind'described; a base, movable means including a work'supporting table member, the'means'being'mounted for movement on: the base; a"l motor mountedl on the movable means: for eiecting movement-of the` table memberxrelativel'y to the basegaV tool carrying means, means operatingthe tool carrying means' in-:a cycle across thetable member and back, means permitting' energization of themotor only during part of the cycle of the'tool carrying means; means forfvaryingr the. amount of movement of the movable means produced byV the-motor per cycle of the ktool carrying means,` and means varyingzthe speed ofthe motor, .comprisingimeans for 'varying` the vo'ltage'applied to the motor.

` 13. In a machine ofthe kinddescribed, abase, a. table,.means mounting the" tableV on" thebase for'movementthereover, a reversible motor connect'edtoA the' table for moving the table. inoppositeidirections on the base, mechanismcontrollingenergization of the` motor-,including motor circuit meansreversible switchl lmeans in the circuitmeans to determinek the'direction of operation of the motor, and master switch means in the circuit means'controlling its starting' and stoppingregardless of op'erationof' the reversible switch means, tool carrying means operable back and forth across'the table'to provide a cutting stroke and a :return` stroke; `and means closing the master switch means to cause the motorl to operate 1only when the tool carrying' means-is on itsA return` stroke.

14;In a machine of the'kind'dcscribed; a base, ai table means mounting.. the table on the base for' movement thereover, a reversible motorconnectedto'the table for moving the table in opposite ldirections on the base,A mechanism'controllingenergization of thelmotor, includingirnotor circuit'means, vreversible switch means in the circuit means to determine the direction' of operation of the' motor, and master switch means in the circuit means controlling its `startingfand stoppingregardless of operation ofthereversible switch means", tool carrying means operable backandforth :across the table to 'provide a cuttingfstrokeand a return-stroke,` means closing the masterswitch means to cause the motor to operate only when the-toolv carrying means is on itsreturn stroke, and 'additional switch means prese'ttableV to stop the motor after a predetermined'movement of the" table' in either direction.

15;"1'n a'machine of the kind described, a` base, a'ta'ble, means mounting the table on the base forA movementthereover, a reversible motor connected'v to the table for moving the table in opposite directions on the base, mechanism controlling energization o f the motor, including motor circuit means, reversible switch means in the circuit means to'determine the direction of operationof the motor, and master :switch means in the'circuit means controlling its starting and stopping regardless of operation of the reversible switch means, tool carrying means operable back and forth across the table to provide a cuttingistroke'and a return stroke, means closing the master switch means to cause the motor toioperate only when the' tool carrying means is on'` its return stroke, and means for causing the reversible movementsof the table'to take place selectively on a horizontal axis or on a vertical axis: K

16. In a'tool shaping machine of the kind described; havingr a base, a table mounted for move- A16 ment over the base, a motor for moving thetable, a tool holding 'means movable across-thetable ina cutting and` a' return stroke, and a shaft driven by the motor, the combination therewith ofva rotary switch element movable from astarting position angularly, a magnetic clutch energizable to-connect the rotary switch element `to the shaft forc'onjoint movement to return `the rotary switch element t0 starting position after predetermined rotation of the shaft, switch means closed when the switch element is out'of starting position, control switch mechanism closed only whenA the-tool holding means is on its return stroke, a. circuit for energizingy the motor only when the switch means is closed and the control switch mechanism is` closed, and' means to energize the magnetic clutch when said circuit is energized.

17. In a tool shaping machine of the kind described, having a base, a table mounted for movement over the base, a motor for moving the table, a tool holding means movable 'across the table in a Acutting anda return stroke; and a shaft driven bythe motor, the combination therewith ofa rotary switch element movable from a starting position angularly, a magnetic clutch energizable` to connect the rotary switch element to the shaft for conjoint movement to return the rotary switch element to starting position after predetermined rotation of the shaft, switch means closed when the switch element is out of starting position,y control switch mechanismclosed only when. the tool holding means is on its return stroke, a circuit for energizing the motor only when the switch means is closed andthe control switch mechanism is closed, means to energize the` magnetic clutch when said circuit is energized, and separate circuit means for' energizing lthe motor independentlyk of the control switch mechanism,r and said separate circuit means not including the magnetic clutch.

18. In amachine of the kind described; a base, av table mounted forrmovementover the base, a motor-for moving the table, a tool holding means movable across the table in a'cutting and aY return stroke; a shaft driven by the motor, a rotary switch element movable from a starting position angularly, a magnetic clutch energize able to connect the rotary switch element to the shaft' for conjoint movement to return the rotary switch element to starting position after predetermined rotation of the shaft, switch means closed when the switch element is out of starting position, control switch mechanism closedonly when the tool holding means is on its return stroke, a circuit for-'energizing the motor only when the switch means is closed and the control switch mechanism is closed, means to energize themagnetic clutch when said circuit' is energized, means for angularly displacing the rotary switch element from starting position, means for varying the speed of the motor, and means connecting'the speed varying means with the displacing means for conjoint operation to relate the speed of the motor to the distance it operates before the switch means operated by the switch element `is opened.

19. In a tool machine, a base, movable mechanism on thev base including cross rails movable in one direction on the base, atable movably mounted on the rails to move in a direction at right angles to the movement of the rails, a drive shaft mounted on the movable mechanism rotatable to` move the rails, another drive shaft also mounted on the movable mechanism rotatable to move the table, a motor mounted on said movable mechanism. a motor shaft selectively connectable with either drive shaft, and means to control energization of the motor.

20. In a tool machine, a base, movable mechanism on the base including cross rails movable in one direction on the base, a table movably mounted on the rails to move in a direction at right angles to the movement of the rails, a drive shaft mounted on the movable mechanism rotatable to move the rails, another drive shaft also mounted on the movable mechanism rotatable to move the table. a motor mounted on said movable mechanism, a motor shaft selectively connectable with either drive shaft, means to control energization of the motor, comprising means connectable with the motor shaft, and settable to varying angular distances from a starting position and movable back to starting position by the motor shaft when connected therewith, and switch means in series with the motor, closed when the connectable means is out of starting position and opened when it is in starting position.

21. In a tool shaping machine of the kind described having an intermittent feeding mechanism for operating a work device in either of opposite directions and a motor for moving the Work device, the combination therewith of a switch operating element rotatably mounted for angular displacement in opposite directions from a starting position, switch means closed when the element is out of starting position in either direction and opened when the element is in starting position, an angularly movable device coaxial with the element, a spring connecting the element and the device to cause the element to follow movement of the device, but to be yeldably movable angularly relatively thereto, and to return to initial relationship when released, whereby when the device is adjusted, the switch means is closed, and may be opened by movement of the element, but automatically reclosed upon release of the element, a magnetic clutch means energizable when the motor is energized, for connecting the switch operating element with the motor for angular displacement thereof when the motor is operated.

22. In a tool shaping machine having a base, a carriage movable intermittently on the base, and a motor for moving the carriage, the combination therewith of a circuit for the motor including an electronic valve, a grid therein subject to varying potential to produce varying grid bias on the valve, thereby to regulate the amount of current supplied to the motor, a grid circuit including a variable means to adjust the grid potential, mechanism to adjust the length of an intermittent movement of the carriage by the motor, and means interconnecting the adjusting mechanism With variable means, so that the length of an intermittent movement ofthe carriage and its speed are adjusted together.

ERNEST GYGAX.

REFERENCE S CIT ED The following references are of record in the le of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 665,966 Miles Jan. l5, 1901 790,847 Mills May 23, 1905 930,088 Robinson Aug. 3, 1909 1,166,974 De Leeuw Jan. 4, 1916 1,215,514 Frede Feb. 13, 1917 1,615,185 Zimmermann Jan. 18, 1927 1,630,042 Watcher May 24, 1927 1,889,930 Morton May 23, 1933 1,948,068 File Feb. 20, 1934 1,960,566 Zimmermann May 29, 1934 2,069,701 Emmons Feb. 2, 1937 2,220,382 Zimmerman Nov. 5, 1940 2,348,259 Kratz May 9, 1944 2,454,634 Craig Nov. 23, 1948 

